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Author Topic: HELP, where do I plug in the WACC in my EPV calculation?  (Read 2004 times)
Mark Jr
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« on: June 25, 2008, 11:53:01 AM »

I have calculated WACC, NAV and EPV for Tucows, the domain registrar I was talking about last week.

My problem is I can't remember where I plug in WACC in my EPV calculation, or when I put it in where I think it's supposed to go, everything just goes insane.

Without WACC, I basically do the EPV like this:

FCF   
Revenues74,638
less COGS    48,742
less SGA    11,080
less Depreciation
less Amortization for Goodwill
plus Adjustment for Operating Leases    1,106
plus stock options expenses    6,239
Normalized EBIT    22,161
less Taxes on EBIT    7,756
NOPLAT    14,405
plus Amortization on Goodwill (merger)
Adjusted NOPLATA    14,405
plus depreciation and amort on intangibles    1,477
-----------------------
Normalized FCF    15,882
Shares out    77,046
EPV    0.21

Which actually looks like a sane number and when I plug it into IV along with NAV and adjust for prob(p) gives me something I'd expect. (An IV of 1.13 on a NAV of 1.52 and a prob(p) of 70% - with the stock currently trading around .60 - .62 )

But there is no WACC in here, and I am pretty sure the EPV calculation includes WACC (which I have as 5.7%). The notes I can find seem to suggest dividing the Normalized FCF, or the Adjusted Enterprise Value or whatever, by WACC, but this gives me

15,882 / 5.7% = 278,631 or 3.61/share

It goes haywire at this point. This has been happening to me all week. There must be some fundamental error in the way I am trying to incorporate the cost of capital into the EPV.

Anyone?
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John
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« Reply #1 on: June 25, 2008, 12:15:54 PM »

You are almost there...calculation should be:
FCF 15,882/WACC5.7%=278,631
+ excess cash and investments
+Excess real estate
- Short term debt
-long term debt
-pref shares
-capital leases
-pension deficits
-stock options
-minority interest
=total Earning Power Value
Take Total EPV / share 77,046= EPV per share

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Mark Jr
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« Reply #2 on: June 25, 2008, 12:48:03 PM »

Thanks John, that clarifies things for me.

I still wind up with a crazy number, EPV in the 2.67 range with NAV in 1.52 (again, stock trading at .60)

I will recheck my numbers.
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John
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« Reply #3 on: June 25, 2008, 02:17:49 PM »

MarK: a third of the EVP originates from the add back of operating lease and stock option expense.  Make sure that the amount you are adding back is only the current year expense.  Further down in the calculation when you subtract the operating lease and stock option, make sure you are subtracting the entire liability.  In other words, the liability that you subtract should be a bigger number than the expense that you add back.
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Dante
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« Reply #4 on: June 25, 2008, 03:16:46 PM »

a couple of comments:

1- i think your K (or wacc) is too low. at 5.7% you are multiplying your FCF estimate by a factor of 17.5x. it is way too high. most valuations i have seen use between 10% and 15% (thus 7x-10x). for TC I would use 8x as this is tech.

2- i have not gone thru a detailed analysis, but your FCF at $15.8m seams a bit high. net accounting profit was $2.7m and the interest charge was $500k. so net income + interests = $3.2m. to get to $15.8m (or almost 5x) after adjustments seams like a lot. i usually get to 1.2-3x the accounting numbers.

3- what about the NAV considering the underappreciated "real estate" (the registered domains)!

thanks

Dante
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Mark Jr
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« Reply #5 on: June 25, 2008, 03:43:56 PM »

Thanks John, that has helped tremendously, also I realized there was an expense line item for 6.7M in technical operations which I added in the same place as SG&A.

Now I'm looking at this:

Quote
WACC   5.70%
ROIC   8.25%
NAV    1.57
EPV    0.60

Probability of Catalyst:   70.00%
IV = EPV + (NAV - EPV) * %p    1.28

Intrinsic Value    1.28
Entry Price    0.85

Bear in mind I have taken the liberty of changing the value of the intangible assets (I will be posting a more detailed explanation of my process here), my whole attraction to this company is that they own a "Premium Domain Portfolio" which I conservatively value at around 94M and are listed on the balance sheet at 23M

I've got a question into some people I know there about the treatment of this portfolio as my entire "investment thesis" relies on it.
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Mark Jr
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« Reply #6 on: June 25, 2008, 03:46:35 PM »

a couple of comments:

1- i think your K (or wacc) is too low. at 5.7% you are multiplying your FCF estimate by a factor of 17.5x. it is way too high. most valuations i have seen use between 10% and 15% (thus 7x-10x). for TC I would use 8x as this is tech.

2- i have not gone thru a detailed analysis, but your FCF at $15.8m seams a bit high. net accounting profit was $2.7m and the interest charge was $500k. so net income + interests = $3.2m. to get to $15.8m (or almost 5x) after adjustments seams like a lot. i usually get to 1.2-3x the accounting numbers.

3- what about the NAV considering the underappreciated "real estate" (the registered domains)!

thanks

Dante

Hi Dante!

I am about to go through the entire process again for this one. I think pass #1 was just to get my spreadsheet into a manageable container for the data, now that I have it I have to review everything again.

Also, my FCF is just looking at the 2007 10-K, I want to take a crack at it using the 3-years of normalized net income as well (year #2 showed a loss so it could bring things back to earth a bit)
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Mark Jr
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« Reply #7 on: June 25, 2008, 03:53:32 PM »

a couple of comments:

1- i think your K (or wacc) is too low. at 5.7% you are multiplying your FCF estimate by a factor of 17.5x. it is way too high. most valuations i have seen use between 10% and 15% (thus 7x-10x). for TC I would use 8x as this is tech.


That's one of things I wanted to revisit. When I did this originally my WACC was over 8% and then I did [something] and suddenly it was down to 5.8, I have to backtrack that and find out what changed.

I had their Kd at 5.5% because their footnotes state that the interest on their note is "base plus .5" as long as their debt/equity is less than 3:1, after which the premium climbs to 1.5% (seems like a nominal hike in interest for carrying a whole lotta debt if they went that high - they're nowhere near it now)

I have them pegged for risk as "the middle of high" because, this is .com land, there is not much history, etc. I rated their debt at BBB but the Kd probably doesn't reflect that.
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Mark Jr
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« Reply #8 on: June 27, 2008, 11:41:55 AM »

a couple of comments:

1- i think your K (or wacc) is too low. at 5.7% you are multiplying your FCF estimate by a factor of 17.5x. it is way too high. most valuations i have seen use between 10% and 15% (thus 7x-10x). for TC I would use 8x as this is tech.

2- i have not gone thru a detailed analysis, but your FCF at $15.8m seams a bit high. net accounting profit was $2.7m and the interest charge was $500k. so net income + interests = $3.2m. to get to $15.8m (or almost 5x) after adjustments seams like a lot. i usually get to 1.2-3x the accounting numbers.

3- what about the NAV considering the underappreciated "real estate" (the registered domains)!

thanks

Dante

Ok, I never had time to work on this yesterday but I was able to this morning.

My FCF after taking John's guidance a couple days ago came down to 4,316, which is 1.59X the accounting number.

I found a spreadsheet error that had me double counting the short term liabilities, my WACC is back up to 8.17% which seems more believable to me.

Ok, you're waiting to hear about these premium domain names. I noticed about 22M of premium domain names counted under the intangible assets associated with the purchase of ItsYourDomain.com, these were their premium domains (every registrar has `em).

But nowhere could I find the rest of the Tucows domains. So I checked with a senior executive inside the company who confirmed for me that those are the only premium domains on the balance sheet, and that the rest of them are basically "off balance sheet".

So here is the press release Tucows put out describing these name:

http://domainnamewire.com/2008/02/20/tucows-reveals-depth-of-domain-portfolio/

I have valued them as follows:

Premium DomainsAverage ValueTotal
Gems1000$10,000 $10,000,000
Surnames39000   $1,000 $39,000,000
Brandable22000$1,000$22,000,000
Direct Nav88000$100$23,760,000
Total   $79,800,000

People in the domain business revile me as a "domain bear", because I think that current aftermarket valuations are insanely high and have to come down at some point. My valuation of the above names reflects my "bearish" attitude.

For example, I list the "gems" at 10K each. Typical aftermarket sales of "gems" or "monsters" (i.e. "tool.com", "note.com", etc) start around the mid-xx,xxx range and the sky, it literally the limit. xxx,xxx sales abound. 7-digit sales are not uncommon. (i.e. pizza.com went for 3 million recently)

The "direct navigation" domains I valued using the guess that they averaged around $20/year in pay-per-click revenue and would sell for 5X. On the last conference call they revealed that they had sold approx 3,700 domains from their direct navigation portfolio at an average of $270/each and some sniffing around leads me to believe the current multiples on these names are around 7-8X (bringing the average revenue for each to 38.50) - here's a few examples of "direct navigation" names: torontorealtor.com, kneebraces.com, linuxsupport.com - it's endless.

If you take all these premiums out of the equation, and go with the balance sheet amount (22M from the intangibles), you wind up with a NAV of .64, an EPV of .31 and with a 70% chance of a catalyst an IV of .54.

Put in my valuations for the premiums, you get a NAV of 1.37, EPV .31 and with the same probabilitiy (p) an IV of 1.05

The stock is currently trading around .57 - .60



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Dante
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« Reply #9 on: June 28, 2008, 11:00:04 AM »

Hi Mark,
I haven't read the K's and Q's yet. I was waiting for your info to decide if it is worth putting more time.
I will read them by Monday/Tues and get back to you on the numbers (NAV, EPV, etc).
I should also get (and read) the "domain game" book by early next week to get a better feel of the business.

in the meantime, I came across a couple of articles related to TC...

http://seekingalpha.com/article/64877-verisign-tucows-it-s-a-bad-year-to-be-a-registrar
this is from last Feb and explains how google and ICANN represent a threat both to a portion of TC's operating business and their valuable domains.

http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/business/AP-TEC-New-Internet-Names.html?_r=1&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&oref=slogin
this is from last week and relates easing rules for new domains thus dilluting value on current ones.

i would love to hear your take on both...

on the surface this seams to be the case of a company subject to continues changes of game-rules (.com land), with tough to sustain operating businesses and with some unrecognized value in assets but with potential future value erosion on them.


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Mark Jr
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« Reply #10 on: July 03, 2008, 07:11:34 PM »


i would love to hear your take on both...




Am I on crack? I thought I posted a reply about both articles yesterday? Did I write it without submitting?

I gotta get more sleep....
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